Since Israel is and always has been and always will be, the people of God by God’s sovereign and gracious Election as defined by God not socio political boundary or ethnic heritage read the prophets for crying out loud that chastise, at God’s command I might add Israel’s attitude for thinking that they will be saved because they are Jewish. Jer 9:25 is a good sample. Anyway I think in bringing the Gentiles in all Israel will be saved is what Paul is saying ad he has gone to great lengths through the while book of Romans to correct your idea of who and what Israel truly is and always was, God’s people by election, then in NT, ALSO regeneration(which was promised to God’s people which was always going to include all nations, read Isaiah’s last chapters 43-the rest) fulfilled from Joel and Ezek in Acts as Jews still alive and believing receive the Spirit then since the true Israel of God always believes and repents and they lives to see the prophecies fulfilled. Gentiles who are grafted into the flick are counted as true Israel over and against those who are Jewish by birth yet their circumcision is as uncircumcisoon according to Paul and a new is one inwardly and not merely outwardly. ROM 2.

The Israel of God is the flock of God is the people of God in the Kingdom if God. The first three are synonymous but the Kingdom is where they reside as a status and political submission. Only those renewed in the image of God are able to represent this kingdom (Eph 4:24, Col 3:10 Gal 2-3 make sure you read foe context Rom 8:28-30) Christ is the image of God and we are like it. Another argument altogether but I assure you it is a necessary one as not all people are children of God. See John 8:44-47 and similar passages and scenes like where John the Baptist rebukes the Pharisees for not being real children of Abraham. Read 1 Car 15:35-end of chapter. Ask yourself was Adam incorruptible? This whole process is a mystery as God chose to make the natural first then the spiritual. Israel’s whole history can be boiled down to this process and in fact the entire creation. Read Romans 8 the creation was subjected unwillingly to futility so that God could reveal the Sons of God, His people and probably the elect angels as well as we will be like them. Do search on the phrase “son’s of God” see what you get. Mostly angel references but also the people of God and most notably the Son only begotten of God to whose image we are being conformed into from out of the image of the man of dust, futility and death. That’s all I can type on my phone, fatigue and all. God bless.

Here is my question…if all the elect are predestined (as I am a firm believer in the doctrines of grace)…that is both Jew and Gentile…so can we then say that Israel and the church are one in the same? They have always been elect…each person chosen by God…so wouldn’t that make your first view and third view similar to each other? I see it as (and correct me if I am wrong) elect Jews and elect Gentiles are God’s children. God’s children make up the church and are Israel. So when Paul says “all Israel will be saved” doesn’t that mean all the chosen ones? I feel as though both you first and last views on this show this…or maybe I am confused?